Integrated Communication Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Integrated Communication Marketing - Assignment Example Samsung Electronics, a company that is currently dominant in the mobile industry releasing Samsung Galaxy Note 3 which comes with a special feature of a digitalized watch dubbed Samsung Galaxy watch. Even though the phone and the watch have incomparable syncing and multi-functioning features thereby beating its competitors, it is evident that the price tag of the product has been placed at the high end (Spears, 2014). This means that only individuals who have either a passion for the latest technology hence sacrificing on other needs or those that are financially capable of purchasing them are the ones that can access these products. This means that even though I am loyal to Samsung as a brand, the price of the product has been ranged beyond the normal quarters and would require me to save more than I could for other products that are close to this kind of technology. This may also pose as a disadvantage for the company considering the East market which has recently been producing si milar products as those from the West but with better affordability in terms of prices as compared to those from the West (Nicolau,

Capability Maturity Model Essay Example for Free

Capability Maturity Model Essay This report is split in to two parts, Part A of this report will aim to firstly define the Capability Maturity Model (CMM) and secondly critically asses the importance of the model in relation to Software Quality Management. The aim of Part B will be to first assess the benefits of gaining accreditation against the CMM for software companies, secondly explain why the CMM is important for Indian outsourcing organizations and provide examples of companies, and lastly critically evaluate the differences between the CMM and the TickIT scheme by identifying the strength and weakness of both methods. PART A 2. Capability Maturity Model (CMM) The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) was developed at Carnegie Mellon University by the software Engineering Institute (SEI) and it provides a frame work for process improvement. (8) 2. 1 Five levels of (CMM) CMM has five maturity levels that lay successive foundations for continuous process improvement. Looking at figure1 in 2. 2, we can see that each maturity level comprises a set of process goals that when satisfied, stabilize an important component at the software process. (9). The Capability maturity model is organized in to five levels. Below is a description of each one: * Initial (Level 1): At this level the software process is ad hoc and projects succeed through individual heroism. ( 8) * Repeatable (Level 2): At this level basic project management processes are established to track schedule, cost, and functionality. (9) * Defined (Level 3): At this level the software process for both management and engineering activities is documented, standardized and integrated into a standard software process for the organisation. (9) Even though the Organization has a well defined process, it does not necessarily support it with quantitative measurements. (8) * Managed (Level 4): At this level detailed measures of the software process and product quality are collected and both the software process and product are quantitatively controlled and understood. (9) * Optimizing (Level 5): At this last level the organization makes quantitative measurements of its projects and makes use of those measurements to tune the process. (8) 2. 2 Diagram of the five levels Figure 1. CMM model (2) 3. Important of the model in relation to the SQM A lot of attention has been given to improving the process of designing, developing, and delivering software applications. The Software Engineering Institutes CMM Model is designed to help us evaluate the maturity of our Software development processes. The Capability Maturity Model recognizes that there are tools and processes that, while not directly involved in the production of code, aid in the overall Software Quality Management process. (1) The CMM is now popular and has been effective in emphasizing the importance of process improvement. Process improvement is an important Total Quality Management concept and significant research has focused on the design and evolution of the software development processes with the intent to enhance their capability and maturity. The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) has developed specific models to evaluate, diagnose, and evolve the capabilities of the software development process. (4) As mentioned in 2. 1, the SEIs Capability Maturity Model (CMM) defines an evolutionary path from ad hoc, chaotic processes to mature, disciplined processes. Process maturation, as assessed by the predictability of development outcomes in terms of quality, budget, and schedules is enhanced when feedback is meaningfully generated and utilized to recalibrate and fine tune the software process design. (4) Report evidence have suggested that organizations implementing a Capability Maturity Model-based software process improvement have realized gains in development cycle time and programmer productivity. (4) However Reports also suggest that organizations face difficulties in adhering to the sequence, as recommended by CMM, in which changes to the development process needs to be implemented. (4) In conclusion lack of theory informing the conceptualization of the Capability Maturing Model stages raises questions about the rationale for the suggested sequencing to develop process capabilities. Limited attention has been devoted to define process management, identify and define its constitutive dimensions, and develop reliable and valid measurement instruments for each of these dimensions. (4) Process improvement is one aspect of Total Quality Management that needs to be integrated with other core Total Quality Management principles, such as customer focus and viewing the organization with an integrated systems perspective. These essential aspects of Total Quality Management are currently missing in the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). (4) Integrative theory development is required to understand the relationships between process management practices and other elements of the development organization, which enable or constrain effective process management. (4) Generally the Capability Maturity Model recognizes that moving from a craft approach, where performance is largely a function of individual skills, to a factory approach, where the process plays a dominant role, is necessary to improve software development performance). Many Information System developers could perceive process-based approaches such as the CMM as deskilling their job and increasing managerial control over systems development tasks. Such a change is likely to be resisted by IS developers and could be a cause for failure of these approach. (4)

Gauss Law And Its Applications Philosophy Essay

Gauss Law And Its Applications Philosophy Essay The relationship between the net electric flux through a closed surface (often called as Gaussian surface) and the charge enclosed by the surface is known as Gausss law. Consider a positive point charge q located at the center of a sphere of radius r. We know that the magnitude of the electric field everywhere on the surface of the sphere is E=. The field lines are directed radially outward and hence are perpendicular to the surface at every point on the surface. That is at each surface point, is parallel to the vector à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  representing a local element of area à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  surrounding the surface point. Therefore, =E à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬   and the net flux through the Gaussian surface is = = =. where we have moved E outside of the integral because, by symmetry E is constant over the surface. The value of E is given by E=. Furthermore, because the surface is spherical, . Hence, the net flux through the Gaussian surface is This equation shows that the net flux through the spherical surface is proportional to the charge inside the surface. The flux is independent of the radius r because the area of the spherical surface is proportional to, whereas the electric field is proportional to 1/ . Therefore, in the product of area and electric field, the dependence on r cancels. Now, consider several closed surfaces surrounding a charge q. Surface is spherical, but surfaces and are not. The flux that passes through has value q/. Flux is proportional to the number of lines through the nonspherical surfaces and. Therefore, the net flux through any closed surface surrounding a point charge q is given q/ and is independent of the shape of that surface. Now consider a point charge located outside a closed surface of arbitrary shape. As can be seen from this construction, any electric field line entering the surface leaves the surface at another point. The number of electric field lines entering the surface equals the number leaving the surface. Therefore, the net electric flux through a closed surface that surrounds no charge is zero. The net flux through the cube is zero because there is no charge inside the cube. Lets extend these arguments to two generalized cases: (1) that of many point charges and (2) that of a continuous distribution of charge. We use the superposition principle, which states that the electric field due to many charges is the vector sum of the electric fields produced by the individual charges. Therefore, the flux through any closed surface can be expressed as = where is the total electric field at any point on the surface produced by the vector addition of the electric fields at that point due to the individual charges. Consider the system of charges, the surface S surrounds only one charge hence the net flux through S is. The flux through S due to charges outside it is zero because each electric field line from these charges that enters S at one point leaves it at another. The surface S surrounds charges and hence the net flux through it is ( +). Finally, the net flux through surface is zero because there is no charge inside this surface. That is, all the electric field lines that enter at one point leave at another. Charge does not contribute to the net flux through any of the surfaces because it is outside all the surfaces. Gausss law is a generalization of what we have just described and states that the net flux through any closed surfaces is where represents the electric field at any point on the surface and represents the net charge inside the surface. APPLICATIONS OF GAUSSS LAW TO VARIOUS CHARGE DISTRIBUTIONS Gausss law is useful for determining electric fields when the charge distribution is highly symmetric. The following examples demonstrate ways of choosing the Gaussian surface over which the surface integral given by can be simplified and the electric field is determined. In choosing the surface, always take advantage of the symmetry of the charge distribution so that E can be removed from the integral. The goal in this type of calculation is to determine a surface for which each portion of the surface satisfies one or more of the following conditions:- The value of the electric field can be argued by symmetry to be constant over the portion of the surface. The dot product in can be expressed as a simple algebraic product E dA because and are parallel. The dot product in is zero because and vector are perpendicular. The electric field is zero over the portion of the surface. Electric Field Due to a Line Charge Cylindrical Symmetry Lets find the electric field due to a line charge. Consider the field due to an infinitely long line of charge as opposed to the one of finite length. Its clear here that its impossible to talk about a finite amount of charge stretched over an infinitely long distance. Instead, state that the line has a constant linear charge density. Realistically, all line charges are finite. Consider the figure below which shows a view of the line charge and a point P a distance h away from it. We have to find the electric field at point P. To set up the integral, take infinitesimally small line segments of charge in pairs so that their horizontal components cancel and the vertical (i.e. radial) components add. Figure: Calculation of the electric field at the midpoint of a line charge of length l. qenclosed e0 rA t e0 rt 2e0 (2.0-10-6  C/m3)(0.02  m) 2(8.85-10-12  C2/(N ·m2)) 2260  N/C (2.2.3.19)

Antibacterial Soap Causes Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Essay -- Expos

     Ã‚   The next time you are in your kitchen, look at the area where you prepare food.   Do you wonder how many disease-causing bacteria could be living there?   There most certainly are some.   But don't let that image drive you to throw down this magazine and run for the antibacterial cleanser under the sink.   Right now it is pretty tough for those bacteria to make it into your body and begin wreaking havoc, because there just aren't enough of them right there in your kitchen.   But TV commercials for antibacterial cleansers would have you believe otherwise.   Those cheery soccer moms want you to be so afraid of the bacteria living in your kitchen that you make sure to buy their product-the one that "kills 99.9% of bacteria."   Now, it's true that bacteria can cause illness, and as humans we are often at odds with bacteria, but we just can't kill them all.   If we try, we could see our plans backfire and send ourselves into a new and precarious future of disease.    To understand how, we simply need to take a look at how bacteria have become rapidly resistant to antibiotics, and we see a story unfolding that begins with penicillin as an attack on disease and now has become a Frankenstein's monster of sorts.    Since the 1950s, antibiotics have been widely available and frequently prescribed, and consequently our overuse of and dependence on antibiotics has left us powerless against new, stronger bacterial species capable of causing life-threatening illnesses, such as tuberculosis. In their valiant effort to create safe, disease free environments, hospitals have unwittingly contributed to the proliferation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.   Although these "superbacteria" are now found mainly in hospitals, a new wave of household pr... ...w think of your own kitchen.   You have the power to keep it as close to the memory of your childhood as you wish. By restricting our use of antibacterial products, we can keep our houses-and our children's houses-safe. But by attempting to wipe out all bacteria and live germfree, we will catapult ourselves into a dark and uncertain future, where our best cure has become our worst poison.    Notes 1. "News Release Archive for 1999," the Soap and Detergent Association web site, 22 May 2014 <http://www.sdahq.org/about/archive99.html#triclosan>.    2. Joseph B. Verrengia, "Some Soaps May Aid Drug Resistance," AP Online. 6 August 2014, 16 June 2014 <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/ >; see also Barbara Ingham, "September 2014 Newsletter," Food Facts for You! 20 June 2014 www.uwex.edu/ces/flp/specialists/ingham/sep2014.html 3. Verrengia.

Potential Market Segmentation

Since the raw materials are very much available in our country, I have decided to give the product an indigenous image. Sandwood is a kind of talcum powder that provides the consumers with processed sandal mixed talcum powder in bottles. For the marketing purpose of the product I have decided to launch three product lines. The Sandwood would be launched in the market at 150 gms. 100 gms. and 50 gms bottle. I have set a reasonable price for the product so that all kinds of people can afford to buy this talcum powder. I have targeted a huge market segment for the product.Bangladesh s a large populated country. Lots of people are looking for such a product. Sandal mixed Talcum Powder are not available all the time. My target market includes health conscious people, women, children & many other consumers, which I have segmented from the Demographical, Geographical, Psychographical & Behavioral point of view. Product Potrayal: I am a Brand managers of a consumer product in a domestic comp any. The top management asked me to choose a product to segment the potential market and we choose Talcum Powder. The description of the product is given below.Product: Talcum Powder Brand Name: Sandwood Plastic Bottle Container: Size: Price: 1 50 Grams Taka 100. Product Features: It's Total skin comfort. Feel better than regular talcum powder. Keep the body fresh for a long time. It has a classic scent. Product Ingredients: Natural sandal, Talc, hydrated magnesium silicate, Scent We choose this very product because normally there are much talcum powder produced for women and many of them have been produced for both male and female but there are very few company that produce women talcum powder and most of them are produced outside Bangladesh.

History of the X-Ray

History of the X-Ray All light and radio waves belong to the electromagnetic spectrum and are all considered different types of electromagnetic waves, including: microwaves and infrared bands whose waves are longer than those of visible light (between radio and the visible)and UV, EUV, X-rays, and g-rays (gamma rays) with shorter wavelengths. The electromagnetic nature of x-rays became evident when it was found that crystals bent their path in the same way as gratings bent visible light: the orderly rows of atoms in the crystal acted like the grooves of a grating. Medical X-rays X-rays are capable of penetrating some thickness of matter. Medical x-rays are produced by letting a stream of fast electrons come to a sudden stop at a metal plate; it is believed that X-rays emitted by the Sun or stars also come from fast electrons. The images produced by X-rays are due to the different absorption rates of different tissues. Calcium in bones absorbs X-rays the most, so bones look white on a film recording of the X-ray image, called a radiograph. Fat and other soft tissues absorb less and look gray. Air absorbs the least, so lungs look black on a radiograph. Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen - First X-ray On 8 Nov 1895, Wilhelm Conrad Rà ¶ntgen (accidentally) discovered an image cast from his cathode ray generator, projected far beyond the possible range of the cathode rays (now known as an electron beam). Further investigation showed that the rays were generated at the point of contact of the cathode ray beam on the interior of the vacuum tube, that they were not deflected by magnetic fields, and they penetrated many kinds of matter. A week after his discovery, Rontgen took an X-ray photograph of his wifes hand which clearly revealed her wedding ring and her bones. The photograph electrified the general public and aroused great scientific interest in the new form of radiation. Rà ¶ntgen named the new form of radiation X-radiation (X standing for Unknown). Hence the term X-rays (also referred as Rà ¶ntgen rays, though this term is unusual outside of Germany). William Coolidge X-Ray Tube William Coolidge invented the X-ray tube popularly called the Coolidge tube. His invention revolutionized the generation of X-rays and is the model upon which all X-ray tubes for medical applications are based. Other inventions of Coolidge: invention of ductile tungsten A breakthrough in tungsten applications was made by W. D. Coolidge in 1903. Coolidge succeeded in preparing a ductile tungsten wire by doping tungsten oxide before reduction. The resulting metal powder was pressed, sintered and forged to thin rods. A Very thin wire was then drawn from these rods. This was the beginning of tungsten powder metallurgy, which was instrumental in the rapid development of the lamp industry - International Tungsten Industry Association (ITIA) A computed tomography scan or CAT-scan uses  X-rays  to create images of the body.  However, a radiograph (x-ray) and a  CAT-scan  show different types of information. An x-ray is a two-dimensional picture and a CAT-scan is three-dimensional. By imaging and looking at several three-dimensional slices of a body (like slices of bread) a doctor could not only tell if a tumor is  present but roughly how deep it is in the body. These slices are no less than 3-5 mm apart. The newer spiral (also called helical) CAT-scan takes continuous pictures of the body in a spiral  motion so that there are no gaps in the pictures collected. A CAT-scan can be three dimensional because the information about how much of the X-rays are passing through a body is collected not just on a flat piece of film, but on a computer. The data from a CAT-scan can then be computer-enhanced to be more sensitive than a plain radiograph. Inventor of the Cat-scan Robert Ledley was the inventor of CAT-Scans a diagnostic x-Ray system. Robert Ledley was granted patent #3,922,552 on November 25th in 1975 for a diagnostic X-ray systems also known as CAT-Scans.